A major global public health concern, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is typified by decreased insulin production and insulin resistance. Effective management of T2DM is crucial to prevent complications and improve patients' quality of life. Over the years, treatment strategies for T2DM have evolved, reflecting advancements in medical research and clinical practice. A complicated metabolic condition, type 2 diabetes is influenced by external factors, lifestyle choices, and genetic predisposition. The hallmark feature of T2DM is insulin resistance, where cells fail to respond adequately to insulin, leading to elevated blood glucose . This results in high blood glucose levels , also contributes to chronic issues such nephropathy, neuropathy, and cardiovascular disease. The results of recent studies demonstrate how type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is being managed, with a focus on the critical role that medication plays in conjunction with lifestyle modifications. Although pharmacological methods are crucial, lifestyle changes remain the cornerstone of managing type 2 diabetes. Dietary adjustments, incorporating regular physical activity, weight management, and smoking cessation, constitute integral components of comprehensive diabetes care.
